Distância entre dois pontos / coordenadas

Latitude e Longitude na fórmula deve ser radianos, ejemplo: Lat1 = Lat * PI1 / 180
6378.137 é o diâmetro da terra em quilômetros (WGS84 datum). Use: 3963.191 de milhas. Se a sua linguagem de programação ou aplicativo não tem função Acos, talvez tenha Atn, use a seguinte fórmula em vez de calcular via função matemática ArcTan.
Latitude e Longitude são fornecidos em formato decimal, não precisam ser convertidos para radianos. <script type="text/javascript"> var lat1 = 41.3879169; var lon1 = 2.1699187; var lat2 = 40.4167413; var lon2 = -3.7032498; Distancia = Dist(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2); //Quilómetros de retorno function Dist(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2) { rad = function(x) {return x*Math.PI/180;} var R = 6378.137; //Raio da Terra no km (WGS84) var dLat = rad( lat2 - lat1 ); var dLong = rad( lon2 - lon1 ); var a = Math.sin(dLat/2) * Math.sin(dLat/2) + Math.cos(rad(lat1)) * Math.cos(rad(lat2)) * Math.sin(dLong/2) * Math.sin(dLong/2); var c = 2 * Math.atan2(Math.sqrt(a), Math.sqrt(1-a)); var d = R * c; return d.toFixed(3); //Retorno 3 casas decimais } </script> Const PI = 3.14159265358979323846 Const Radius = 6378.137 Dim Lat1 = 41.3879169; Dim Lon1 = 2.1699187; Dim Lat2 = 40.4167413; Dim Lon2 = -3.7032498; 'Units: K=kilometers M=miles N=nautical miles Dim Unit = "K" Dim Result Result = Distance( Lat1, Lon1, Lat2, Lon2, Unit ) & " kilometers" msgbox(Result) Function Distance( Lat1, Lon1, Lat2, Lon2, Unit ) Dim dlon, distance Lat1 = cdbl(Lat1 * PI / 180) Lon1 = cdbl(Lon1 * PI / 180) Lat2 = cdbl(Lat2 * PI / 180) Lon2 = cdbl(Lon2 * PI / 180) DLon = Lon1 - Lon2 Distance = ACos (sin(Lat1) * sin(Lat2) + cos(Lat1) * cos(Lat2) * cos(DLon) ) * Radius Select Case lcase(unit) Case "K" Distance = Distance Case "M" Distance = Distance * 0.621371192 Case "N" Distance = Distance * 0.539956803 End Select End Function ' ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ' Calculates ArcCos: acos() funtion (not available) by using Arctan: atn() function ' ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Function ACos(rad) If abs(rad) <> 1 Then acos = PI/2 - atn(rad/sqr(1-rad*rad)) ElseIf rad = -1 Then acos = PI End If End function #include <stdio.h> #include <Math.h> #define PI 3.14159265358979323846 double Distance(double lat1, double lon1, double lat2, double lon2, char unit) {     double deg2radMultiplier = PI / 180;     lat1 = lat1 * deg2radMultiplier;     lon1 = lon1 * deg2radMultiplier;     lat2 = lat2 * deg2radMultiplier;     lon2 = lon2 * deg2radMultiplier;     double radius = 6378.137; // earth mean radius defined by WGS84     double dlon = lon2 - lon1;     double distance = acos( sin(lat1) * sin(lat2) +  cos(lat1) * cos(lat2) * cos(dlon)) * radius;           if (unit == 'K') {         return (distance);      } else if (unit == 'M') {         return (distance * 0.621371192);     } else if (unit == 'N') {         return (distance * 0.539956803);     } else {         return 0;     } } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { lat1 = 41.3879169; lon1 = 2.1699187; lat2 = 40.4167413; lon2 = -3.7032498;     printf("%f", Distance(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, 'K'));     printf("%f", Distance(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, 'M'));     printf("%f", Distance(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, 'N')); } using System; namespace DistanceCalculatorCs {     class Program     {         static double Distance(double lat1, double lon1, double lat2, double lon2, char unit)         {             double deg2radMultiplier = Math.PI / 180;             lat1 = lat1 * deg2radMultiplier;             lon1 = lon1 * deg2radMultiplier;             lat2 = lat2 * deg2radMultiplier;             lon2 = lon2 * deg2radMultiplier;             double radius = 6378.137; // earth mean radius defined by WGS84             double dlon = lon2 - lon1;             double distance = Math.Acos(Math.Sin(lat1) * Math.Sin(lat2) + Math.Cos(lat1) * Math.Cos(lat2) * Math.Cos(dlon)) * radius;             if (unit == 'K') {                 return (distance);             } else if (unit == 'M') {                 return (distance * 0.621371192);             } else if (unit == 'N') {                 return (distance * 0.539956803);             } else {                 return 0;             }         }         static void Main(string[] args)         {             lat1 = 41.3879169;             lon1 = 2.1699187;             lat2 = 40.4167413;             lon2 = -3.7032498;             Console.WriteLine(Distance(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, 'K'));             Console.WriteLine(Distance(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, 'M'));             Console.WriteLine(Distance(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, 'N'));         }     } } use Math::Trig; $pi = 3.14159265358979323846; $radius = 6378.137; sub Distance { my ($lat1, $lon1, $lat2, $lon2, $unit) = @_; $lat1 = deg2rad($lat1); $lon1 = deg2rad($lon1); $lat2 = deg2rad($lat2); $lon2 = deg2rad($lon2); my $dlon = $lon1 - $lon2; my $distance = acos (sin($lat1) * sin($lat2) + cos($lat1) * cos($lat2) * cos($dlon)) * $radius; if ($unit eq "K") { return $distance; } elsif ($unit eq "M") { return ($distance * 0.621371192); } elsif ($unit eq "N") { return ($distance * 0.539956803); } else { return 0; } } $lat1 = 41.3879169; $lon1 = 2.1699187; $lat2 = 40.4167413; $lon2 = -3.7032498; print Distance($lat1, $lon1, $lat2, $lon2, "K") . " Kilometers\n"; print Distance($lat1, $lon1, $lat2, $lon2, "M") . " Miles\n"; print Distance($lat1, $lon1, $lat2, $lon2, "N") . " Nautical Miles\n"; <?php function Distance($lat1, $lon1, $lat2, $lon2, $unit) { $radius = 6378.137; // earth mean radius defined by WGS84 $dlon = $lon1 - $lon2; $distance = acos( sin(deg2rad($lat1)) * sin(deg2rad($lat2)) + cos(deg2rad($lat1)) * cos(deg2rad($lat2)) * cos(deg2rad($dlon))) * $radius; if ($unit == "K") { return ($distance); } else if ($unit == "M") { return ($distance * 0.621371192); } else if ($unit == "N") { return ($distance * 0.539956803); } else { return 0; } } $lat1 = 41.3879169; $lon1 = 2.1699187; $lat2 = 40.4167413; $lon2 = -3.7032498; echo Distance($lat1, $lon1, $lat2, $lon2, "K") . " kilometers<br>"; echo Distance($lat1, $lon1, $lat2, $lon2, "M") . " miles<br>"; echo Distance($lat1, $lon1, $lat2, $lon2, "N") . " nautical miles<br>"; ?>